Olive (Olea europaea L.) Seed as New Source of Cholesterol-Lowering Bioactive Peptides: Elucidation of Their Mechanism of Action in HepG2 Cells and Their Trans-Epithelial Transport in Differentiated Caco-2 Cells
Articolo
Data di Pubblicazione:
2024
Citazione:
Olive (Olea europaea L.) Seed as New Source of Cholesterol-Lowering Bioactive Peptides: Elucidation of Their Mechanism of Action in HepG2 Cells and Their Trans-Epithelial Transport in Differentiated Caco-2 Cells / M. Bartolomei, J. Li, A.L. Capriotti, M. Fanzaga, L. D'Adduzio, A. Laganà, A. Cerrato, N. Mulinacci, L. Cecchi, C. Bollati, C. Lammi. - In: NUTRIENTS. - ISSN 2072-6643. - 16:3(2024), pp. 371.1-371.14. [10.3390/nu16030371]
Abstract:
The production of olive oil has important economic repercussions in Mediterranean
countries but also a considerable impact on the environment. This production generates enormous
quantities of waste and by-products, which can be exploited as new raw materials to obtain innovative
ingredients and therefore make the olive production more sustainable. In a previous study, we
decided to foster olive seeds by generating two protein hydrolysates using food-grade enzymes,
alcalase (AH) and papain (PH). These hydrolysates have shown, both in vitro and at the cellular level,
antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, being able to inhibit the activity of the DPP-IV enzyme and
modulate the secretion of GLP-1. Given the multifunctional behavior of peptides, both hydrolysates
displayed dual hypocholesterolemic activity, inhibiting the activity of HMGCoAR and impairing the
PPI of PCSK9/LDLR, with an IC50 equal to 0.61 mg/mL and 0.31 mg/mL for AH and PH, respectively.
Furthermore, both samples restored LDLR protein levels on the membrane of human hepatic HepG2
cells, increasing the uptake of LDL from the extracellular environment. Since intestinal bioavailability
is a key component of bioactive peptides, the second objective of this work is to evaluate the capacity
of AH and PH peptides to be transported by differentiated human intestinal Caco-2 cells. The peptides
transported by intestinal cells have been analyzed using mass spectrometry analysis, identifying
a mixture of stable peptides that may represent new ingredients with multifunctional qualities for
the development of nutraceuticals and functional foods to delay the onset of metabolic syndrome,
promoting the principles of environmental sustainability.
Tipologia IRIS:
01 - Articolo su periodico
Keywords:
LDLR; cholesterol metabolism; food bioactive peptides; multifunctional peptides; PCSK9
Elenco autori:
M. Bartolomei, J. Li, A.L. Capriotti, M. Fanzaga, L. D'Adduzio, A. Laganà, A. Cerrato, N. Mulinacci, L. Cecchi, C. Bollati, C. Lammi
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