Effects of artemisinin and quinoline derivatives on K562 cell differentiation

Artemisinin derivatives are widely used in combination with quinolines and antifolates antimalarials, thanks to their high activity and safety (WHO 2001). However, animal studies reveal that artemisinins are not recommended during pregnancy. There are data indicating that embryo toxicity is due to inhibition of angiogenesis and erythropoiesis in fetal rats (Longo M. Reproductive toxicology 2006). Anti-angiogenic effects of artemisinins have already been described in vivo and in vitro in tumor models. Informations about quinolines effects on human fetus are still lacking and therefore drug administrations have been avoided during gestation. (Thomas F. Lancet 2004). ln order to study the effect of artemisinin and quinoline derivatives on human erythropoiesis in vitro, we induced erythroid differentiation of K562 cells (myeloid leukemia cell line) after exposure to several chemical agents such as hemin and butyric acid. The percentage of hemoglobin—producing cells was determined by a benzidine staining method and the lL—8 detection. By comparing the interference of subtoxic concentration of artemisinins and quinolines on these processes, we plan to help defining the best drug association to use against malaria in pregnancy. The support of Antimal UE 018834 is acknowledged.