Genetic and phenetic exploration of Georgian grapevine germplasm

One hundred and forty seven accessions of Georgian grapevine germplasm have been analyzed by phenotypical and genetic markers. Accessions were described according to the IPGRI, GENRES 081, O.I.V., and UPOV united descriptors. Morphometric data were collected both on fruits (bunches, berries, and seeds) and leaves (81 measures per leaf). Chemometric data involved variables of technological maturation and berry skin anthocyanins (total and relative profiling). The six nuclear microsatellite loci, defined and selected in the frame of the GENRES 081 EU project, have been used for genotyping. Statistical data processing by multivariate method evidenced a high degree of genetic diversity. Almost all accessions were defined by a unique genotype. Genetic and phenetic grouping were related to the geographical origin of the varieties.