Modelli del binarismo di genere e prospettive transfemministe

Drawing on sociology, transfeminist and queer theory, and on social studies of
science, this article reflects on the historical and conceptual evolution of theoretical
models aimed at understanding gender, sex, and their variance. Firstly, we present
the progressive elaboration of the sex/gender model and the implication of gender
binarism with social inequality and heteronormativity. Secondly, we review the historical
evolution of sex variance, with particular attention to the case of intersex and
activisms around it. Thirdly, we focus on gender variance, including a discussion on
models of understanding of gender diversity, on the pathologization of trans experience,
and on the emergence of non-binary genders. Finally, we conclude with a
discussion on gender and sex affirmation politics, proposing a human rights frame
based on informed consent as a political action aimed at contrasting the violence
of gender binarism.