L’Italia dall’Unità alla Prima guerra mondiale

The present paper offers a survey of the development of mathematics in Italy from its Unification up to WWI. As a symbolical beginning of the Italian mathematical Risorgimento one might take both the foundation of the “Annali di matematica pura ed applicata” and the European journey that Betti, Brioschi and Casorati undertook in 1858 in order to become acquainted with their German and French colleagues. Following this, the paper focuses on the foundation of the Italian ‘schools’ of geometry (Cremona) and analysis (Pincherle, Peano, Volterra) as well as on the creation of mathematical ‘schools’ in Pisa (Betti, Dini), Turin (Peano, C. Segre) and Padova (Veronese, Ricci Curbastro, Levi-Civita). Eventually, in the concluding paragraphs, an account of the early development of the Italian school of algebraic geometry, and of the Italian researches on logic and the foundations of mathematics as well, is also provided.