Extraction of DNA from Dried Blood in the Diagnosis of Congenital CMV Infection

Viral DNA detection in dried blood spotted on filter paper, dried blood spots (DBS), is valuable in the diagnosis of viral infections, with at the moment congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) being the most common application. CMV detection in clinical samples taken within the first 2-3 weeks after birth differentiates congenital CMV infection from the in general harmless postnatal acquired cytomegalovirus infection. DBS render the possibility to diagnose congenital CMV infection retrospectively, e.g., when late-onset hearing loss, the most frequently encountered symptom of congenital CMV infection, becomes manifest. Additionally, CMV DNA detection in DBS can be of usage in recently advocated newborn screening on congenital CMV infection. The procedure of CMV DNA detection in DBS consists of two separate steps: (1) DNA extraction from the DBS, followed by (2) CMV DNA amplification. Here, we describe two efficient methods for the extraction of DNA from DBS. Sensitivity, specificity, and applicability of the methods for high-throughput usage are discussed.