Air pollution and atherosclerosis : a cross-sectional analysis of four European Cohort Studies in the ESCAPE study
Articolo
Data di Pubblicazione:
2015
Citazione:
Air pollution and atherosclerosis : a cross-sectional analysis of four European Cohort Studies in the ESCAPE study / L. Perez, K. Wolf, F. Hennig, J. Penell, X. Basagaña, M. Foraster, I. Aguilera, D. Agis, R. Beelen, B. Brunekreef, J. Cyrys, K.B. Fuks, M. Adam, D. Baldassarre, M. Cirach, R. Elosua, J. Dratva, R. Hampel, W. Koenig, J. Marrugat, U. De Faire, G. Pershagen, N.M. Probst Hensch, A. de Nazelle, M.J. Nieuwenhuijsen, W. Rathmann, M. Rivera, J. Seissler, C. Schindler, J. Thierry, B. Hoffmann, A. Peters, N. Künzli. - In: ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES. - ISSN 0091-6765. - 123:6(2015 Jun), pp. 597-605. [10.1289/ehp.1307711]
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: In four European cohorts, we investigated the cross-sectional association between long-term exposure to air pollution and intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (CIMT), a pre-clinical marker of atherosclerosis.
METHODS: Individually assigned levels of NO2, NOx, PM2.5, absorbance of PM2.5 (PM2.5abs), PM10, PMcoarse, and two indicators of residential proximity to highly trafficked roads were obtained under a standard exposure protocol (European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution effects-ESCAPE study) in the Stockholm area (Sweden), the Ausburg and Ruhr area (Germany) and the Girona area (Spain). We used linear regression and meta-analyses to examine the association between
long-term exposure to air pollution and CIMT.
RESULTS: The meta-analysis with 9183 individuals resulted in an estimated increase in CIMT (geometric mean) of 0.72% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: -0.65%, 2.10%) per 5 µg/m(3) increase in PM2.5 and 0.42% (95% CI: -0.46%, 1.30%) per 10(-5)/m increase in PM2.5abs. Living in proximity to high traffic was also positively but not significantly associated with CIMT. Meta-analytic estimates
for other pollutants were inconsistent. Results were similar across different adjustment sets and sensitivity analyses. In an extended meta-analysis for PM2.5 with three other previously published studies, a 0.78% (95% CI: -0.18%, 1.75%) increase in CIMT was estimated for a 5 µg/m(3) contrast in PM2.5.
CONCLUSIONS: Using a standardized exposure and analytical protocol in four European cohorts, cross-sectional associations between CIMT and the eight ESCAPE markers of long-term residential air pollution exposure did not reach statistical significance. The additional meta-analysis of CIMT and PM2.5 across all published studies also was positive but not significant.
Tipologia IRIS:
01 - Articolo su periodico
Elenco autori:
L. Perez, K. Wolf, F. Hennig, J. Penell, X. Basagaña, M. Foraster, I. Aguilera, D. Agis, R. Beelen, B. Brunekreef, J. Cyrys, K.B. Fuks, M. Adam, D. Baldassarre, M. Cirach, R. Elosua, J. Dratva, R. Hampel, W. Koenig, J. Marrugat, U. De Faire, G. Pershagen, N.M. Probst Hensch, A. de Nazelle, M.J. Nieuwenhuijsen, W. Rathmann, M. Rivera, J. Seissler, C. Schindler, J. Thierry, B. Hoffmann, A. Peters, N. Künzli
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