Solar neutrino physics : status and perspectives

In the last decade, following the “annus mirabilis” 2002, solar neutrino experiments and analyses allowed an accurate determination of oscillation parameters and started the study of the lower part of the neutrino energy spectrum. An anomaly seems to show up in the vacuum-to-matter transition region, indicating the need for a more detailed analysis of this part of the spectrum. We discuss the potentialities of present and future experiments to measure the low energy components of the pp cycle and the CNO neutrinos and discriminate between the high and low Z solar models, thus solving the metallicity problem.