Congenital factor X deficiency: spectrum of bleeding symptoms in 32 Iranian patients

The spectrum of the clinical manifestations of congenital factor X deficiency was studied in 32 Iranian patients. The most frequent symptom was epistaxis, which occurred in 72% of patients, with all degrees of deficiency Other mucosal haemorrhages (e.g. haematuria, gastrointestinal bleeding) were less frequent and occurred mainly in patients with unmeasurable factor X. Menorrhagia occurred in hall: of the women of reproductive age. Soft tissue bleeding occurred in two-thirds of the patients: spontaneous haematomas and haemarthroses led to severe arthropathy in five patients. Bleeding from the umbilical stump was an unexpected finding: in nine patients. This study demonstrated that the bleeding tendency of factor X deficiency is severe and correlates with factor levels.