The EDUFAIR project tackles the complex issue of educational quality and inequality in Italy, emphasizing cognitive and socio-emotional competencies as key determinants of academic achievement and future life chances. Drawing on established frameworks from social justice theories and normative perspectives, the project aims to conceptualize and measure unfair educational inequality, particularly focusing on inequality of educational opportunity (IEOp) and educational poverty (Epov). It adopts a comprehensive approach by jointly considering the role of children’s social origin, migration background, gender and geographical location in generating heterogeneous educational opportunities. By employing cutting-edge quantitative methods from computational social sciences and leveraging large-scale student population data from INVALSI (2010-23), the project seeks to map the geographical distribution of unfair educational inequality across Italian regions, provinces and municipalities. This will allow us to understand whether the well-known geographical disparities in socio-economic conditions, institutional development and school performance across Italian areas also translate into differentiated structures of educational opportunities. EDUFAIR will also build a novel dataset that identifies and classifies local interventions aimed at addressing educational poverty and inequality, shedding light on their timings, spatial distribution, actors involved, and types of activities. Through rigorous causal analysis and counterfactual frameworks, the project investigates the contextual drivers of such policies and evaluates the impact of these interventions on educational outcomes and related inequalities, considering both cognitive and socio-emotional dimensions. The multidisciplinary nature of the research, combined with a focus on evidence-based policy recommendations, positions EDUFAIR as a crucial initiative in informing strategies to reduce unfair educational inequalities and promote educational equity in Italy.