Data di Pubblicazione:
2007
Citazione:
Exotic modes of excitation in atomic nuclei far from stability / N. Paar, D. Vretenar, E. Khan, G. Colo'. - In: REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. - ISSN 0034-4885. - 70:5(2007), pp. R02.691-R02.793. [10.1088/0034-4885/70/5/R02]
Abstract:
We review recent studies of the evolution of collective excitations in
atomic nuclei far from the valley of beta-stability. Collective degrees of freedom govern
essential aspects of nuclear structure, and for several decades the study of collective
modes such as rotations and vibrations has played a vital role in our understanding
of complex properties of nuclei. The multipole response of unstable nuclei and the
possible occurrence of new exotic modes of excitation in weakly-bound nuclear systems,
present a rapidly growing field of research, but only few experimental studies of these
phenomena have been reported so far. Valuable data on the evolution of the low energy
dipole response in unstable neutron-rich nuclei have been gathered in recent
experiments, but the available experimental information is not sufficient to determine
the nature of observed excitations. Even in stable nuclei various modes of giant
collective oscillations had been predicted by theory years before they were observed in
experiments, and for that reason it is very important to perform detailed theoretical
studies of the evolution of collective modes of excitation in nuclei far from stability.
We therefore discuss the modern theoretical tools that have been developed in recent
years for the description of collective excitations in weakly-bound nuclei. The review
focuses on the applications of these models to studies of the evolution of low-energy
dipole modes from stable nuclei to systems near the particle emission threshold, to
analyses of various isoscalar modes, those for which data are already available, as well
as those that could be observed in future experiments, to a description of charge-exchange
modes and their evolution in neutron-rich nuclei, and to studies of the role
of exotic low-energy modes in astrophysical processes.
Tipologia IRIS:
01 - Articolo su periodico
Elenco autori:
N. Paar, D. Vretenar, E. Khan, G. Colo'
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