Effect of Lower Versus Higher Protein Content in Infant Formula Through the First Year on Body Composition from 1 to 6 Years: Follow-Up of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Articolo
Data di Pubblicazione:
2018
Citazione:
Effect of Lower Versus Higher Protein Content in Infant Formula Through the First Year on Body Composition from 1 to 6 Years: Follow-Up of a Randomized Clinical Trial / M. Totzauer, V. Luque, J. Escribano, R. Closa-Monasterolo, E. Verduci, A. Redionigi, J. Hoyos, J. Langhendries, D. Gruszfeld, P. Socha, B. Koletzko, V. Grote. - In: OBESITY. - ISSN 1930-739X. - 26:7(2018 Jul), pp. 1203-1210. [10.1002/oby.22203]
Abstract:
ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of lower protein (LP) versus higher protein (HP) content in infant formula on body composition from 3 months to 6 years.
MethodsIn a multicenter, double-blind European trial, healthy infants (N=1,090) were randomly assigned to different protein content formulas (upper [HP] and lower [LP] limits of the European Union regulations in 2001) during the first year; breastfed infants (N=588) were recruited for reference values. Weight, height, and triceps and subscapular skinfold (SF) thickness were measured repeatedly (N=650 at 6 years), and body composition was estimated (Slaughter). The 99th percentile of fat mass index reference data were used to assess excess body fat at 6 years.
ResultsAt 2 and 6 years, the study observed greater sum of SFs ( 2 years: 0.5 mm, P=0.026, 6 years: 0.6 mm, P=0.045), fat mass index ( 2 years: 0.12 kg/m(2), P=0.008, 6 years: 0.15 kg/m(2), P=0.011), and fat-free mass index ( 2 years: 0.17 kg/m(2), P=0.003, 6 years: 0.18 kg/m(2), P=0.010) in the HP group compared with the LP group. At 6 years, the HP group had a twofold higher risk than the LP group for excess body fat (adjusted odds ratio: 2.13, P=0.019).
ConclusionsInfant formula with HP levels induced greater fat mass in children from 2 to 6 years. Lowering the protein content of infant formula may result in a healthier body composition in early childhood.
Tipologia IRIS:
01 - Articolo su periodico
Keywords:
Childhood-obesity; mass index; weight-gain; risk-factor; growth; children; association; fat; age; overweight
Elenco autori:
M. Totzauer, V. Luque, J. Escribano, R. Closa-Monasterolo, E. Verduci, A. Redionigi, J. Hoyos, J. Langhendries, D. Gruszfeld, P. Socha, B. Koletzko, V. Grote
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