Data di Pubblicazione:
2013
Citazione:
High-altitude hypoxia and periodic breathing during sleep: gender-related differences / C. Lombardi, P. Meriggi, P. Agostoni, A. Faini, G. Bilo, M. Revera, G. Caldara, M. Di Rienzo, P. Castiglioni, B. Maurizio, F. Gregorini, G. Mancia, G. Parati. - In: JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH. - ISSN 0962-1105. - 22:3(2013 Jun), pp. 322-330. [10.1111/jsr.12012]
Abstract:
High-altitude exposure is characterized by the appearance of periodic breathing during sleep. Only limited evidence is available, however, on the presence of gender-related differences in this breathing pattern. In 37 healthy subjects, 23 male and 14 female, we performed nocturnal cardio-respiratory monitoring in the following conditions: (1) sea level; (2) first/second night at an altitude of 3400 m; (3) first/second night at an altitude of 5400 m and after a 10 day sojourn at 5400 m. At sea level, a normal breathing pattern was observed in all subjects throughout the night. At 3400 m the apnea-hypopnea index was 40.3 ± 33.0 in males (central apneas 77.6%, central hypopneas 22.4%) and 2.4 ± 2.8 in females (central apneas 58.2%, central hypopneas 41.8%; P < 0.01). During the first recording at 5400 m, the apnea-hypopnea index was 87.5 ± 35.7 in males (central apneas 60.0%, central hypopneas 40.0%) and 41.1 ± 44.0 in females (central apneas 73.2%, central hypopneas 26.8%; P < 0.01), again with a higher frequency of central events in males as seen at lower altitude. Similar results were observed after 10 days. With increasing altitude, there was also a progressive reduction in respiratory cycle length during central apneas in males (26.9 ± 3.4 s at 3400 m and 22.6 ± 3.7 s at 5400 m). Females, who displayed a significant number of central apneas only at the highest reached altitude, were characterized by longer cycle length than males at similar altitude (30.1 ± 5.8 s at 5400 m). In conclusion, at high altitude, nocturnal periodic breathing affects males more than females. Females started to present a significant number of central sleep apneas only at the highest reached altitude. After 10 days at 5400 m gender differences in the apnea-hypopnea index similar to those observed after acute exposure were still observed, accompanied by differences in respiratory cycle length.
Tipologia IRIS:
01 - Articolo su periodico
Keywords:
Actigraphy ; Adult ; Altitude ; Altitude Sickness ; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ; Anoxia ; Atmospheric Pressure ; Benzimidazoles ; Benzoates ; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Oxygen ; Placebos ; Respiratory Rate ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sex Factors ; Sleep ; Sleep Apnea, Central ; Time Factors
Elenco autori:
C. Lombardi, P. Meriggi, P. Agostoni, A. Faini, G. Bilo, M. Revera, G. Caldara, M. Di Rienzo, P. Castiglioni, B. Maurizio, F. Gregorini, G. Mancia, G. Parati
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