Data di Pubblicazione:
2012
Citazione:
Human microbiota in health and disease / W.M. de Vos, L. Engstrand, L. Drago, G. Reid, J. Schauber, R. Hay, W. Mendling, M. Schaller, R. Spiller, C. Gahan, I. Rowland. - In: SELFCARE. - ISSN 2042-7018. - 3:S1(2012 Sep), pp. 1-68.
Abstract:
Each human body plays host to a microbial population which is both numerically vast (at around 1014
microbial cells) and phenomenally diverse (over 1,000 species). The majority of the microbial species
in the gut have not been cultured but the application of culture-independent approaches for high
throughput diversity and functionality analysis has allowed characterisation of the diverse microbial
phylotypes present in health and disease.
Studies in monozygotic twins, showing that these retain highly similar microbiota decades after birth
and initial colonisation, are strongly indicative that diversity of the microbiome is host-specific and
affected by the genotype. Microbial diversity in the human body shows both richness and evenness.
Diversity increases steeply from birth reaching its highest point in early adulthood, before declining
in older age. However, in healthy subjects there appears to be a core of microbial phylotypes which
remains relatively stable over time.
Studies of individuals from diverse geopraphies suggest that clusters of intestinal bacterial groups
tend to occur together, constituting ‘enterotypes’. So variation in intestinal flora is stratified rather than
continuous and there may be a limited number of host /microbial states which respond differently
to environmental influences. Exploration of enterotypes and functional groups may provide
biomarkers for disease and insights into the potential for new treatments based on manipulation of
the microbiome.
Tipologia IRIS:
01 - Articolo su periodico
Elenco autori:
W.M. de Vos, L. Engstrand, L. Drago, G. Reid, J. Schauber, R. Hay, W. Mendling, M. Schaller, R. Spiller, C. Gahan, I. Rowland
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