Variation of proteinuria in dogs affected by lehismaniasis trated with maglumine antimoniate and allopurinol : 53 cases
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Data di Pubblicazione:
2011
Citazione:
Variation of proteinuria in dogs affected by lehismaniasis trated with maglumine antimoniate and allopurinol : 53 cases / M. Pierantozzi, X. Roura, S. Paltrinieri, M. Poggi, A. Zatelli. ((Intervento presentato al 69. convegno Congresso internazionale multisala SCIVAC tenutosi a Rimini nel 2011.
Abstract:
Introduction. Canine leishmaniasis (CanL)-associated proteinuric nephropathy is characterized by glomerular damage primarily
attributed to glomerular deposition of circulating immune complexes.1 Results of previously published studies suggest that,
in dogs, persistent proteinuria is associated with greater frequency of renal morbidity and mortality.2 A recent study demonstrated
a potential reno-protective activity of allopurinol decreasing proteinuria and preventing progression of renal disease in
dogs with leishmaniasis and glomerulonephritis.3
Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the degree of proteinuria, evaluated by urine protein-to-creatinine ratio
(UP:C), in leishmaniotic dogs classified in clinical stage C according to the staging of Canine Leishmaniasis Working Group,4 changes
during anti-protozoan treatment with meglumine antimoniate (MA) and allopurinol (A). Furthermore, we evaluated the variations and
correlations between serum concentration of albumin, globulin, total protein and A/G before and after treatment.
Material & Methods. Medical records (2006-2010) of the Clinica Veterinaria Pirani (Italy), Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (Spain) and Centro Veterinario Imperiese (Italy) were reviewed to identify proteinuric leishmaniotic
dogs, irrespective of their azotemic status, treated with the combination MA + A for a period ranging between 4 to 8
weeks. Dogs recruited for this study fulfilled the following inclusion criteria: a)diagnosis of leishmaniasis established by clinicopathological
abnormalities; b)positive serology for L. infantum and detection of Leishmania amastigotes in lymph node or
bone marrow aspiration smears or detection of parasite DNA using PCR; c)negative serology for E. canis and Dirofilaria immitis;
d)complete urinalysis, with inactive sediment, and determination of the UP:C just before and after the anti-Leishmania
treatment; e)treatment with MA (75-100 mg/kg SC q24h) in combination with A (20 mg/kg PO q24h) for 4 to 8 weeks. Dogs
should not have been treated with ACE-inhibitors and/or angiotensin receptor blocker in the 2 months prior to and throughout
the anti-Leishmania treatment period. Dogs with clinical signs and clinicopathological findings consistent with neoplastic, endocrine
and genetic (inherited nephropathies known or suspected) diseases correlated with proteinuria, were excluded.
Results. Before treatment, a significant negative correlation was found between UP:C and both serum albumin concentration
(P=0.029, r=-041) and A/G ratio (P=0.006, r=-0.39) and a significant positive correlation was found between UP:C and total
globulin (P=0.027, r=0.31). No correlations between UP:C and total protein were found (P=0.062, r=0.27). UP:C, total protein
and globulin significantly decreased after treatment, compared with pre-treatment values. Conversely, albumin and the A/G
ratio recorded after treatment were significantly higher than those recorded just before treatment. For all parameters, pre-and
post-treatment values were always significantly correlated to each other (P<0.001 for all). After treatment: 7 proteinuric or borderline
proteinuric dogs (13.4%) became non-proteinuric, 12 proteinuric dogs (22.6%) became borderline proteinuric. 12 dogs
(22.6%) modified their IRIS stage based on values of serum creatinine and UP:C.
Conclusions. The laboratory findings detected before treatment (hyperproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, decreased
A/G ratio, proteinuria) are consistent with those previously reported by other authors on CanL.5 The hyperproteinemia
caused by hyperglobulinemia observed in this study, corroborates the findings of other Authors who reported that in some leishmaniotic
dogs th
Tipologia IRIS:
14 - Intervento a convegno non pubblicato
Elenco autori:
M. Pierantozzi, X. Roura, S. Paltrinieri, M. Poggi, A. Zatelli
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