JURIJ TARNAVS¿KYJ: UNA FIGURA DELL¿EMIGRAZIONE UCRAINA NEGLI STATI UNITI. ANALISI DELLA PRODUZIONE POETICA DAL 1956 AL 1970.
Tesi di Dottorato
Data di Pubblicazione:
2010
Citazione:
JURIJ TARNAVS¿KYJ: UNA FIGURA DELL¿EMIGRAZIONE UCRAINA NEGLI STATI UNITI. ANALISI DELLA PRODUZIONE POETICA DAL 1956 AL 1970 / M.g. Bartolini ; Tutor: Giovanna Brogi; Coordinatore del dottorato: Marina Cometta. Universita' degli Studi di Milano, 2010 Dec 20. 23. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2010. [10.13130/bartolini-maria-grazia_phd2010-12-20].
Abstract:
The purpose of this study is to examine the poetical output of the Ukrainian émigré poet and co-founder of the Ukrainian émigrè literary group known as the “New York Group” - Jurij Tarnavs‘kyj. In particular, I focus on Tarnavs’kyj’s poetic evolution from modernism to post-modernism during the two decades embracing the New York Group’s historical adventure (1956-1970), while taking into account the transition from the existentialist overtones of his poetic debut, Žyttja v misti (1956), to the grotesque and anti-humanistic atmospheres of Poeziji pro niščo (1970). In this respect, I concentrate on the spectrum ‘concreteness of the ego scriptor versus abstraction’ and ‘confidence in human freedom versus acknowledgment of necessity as the main ethical category in human life’ as a measure of such a transition. Zyttja v misti and Poeziji pro nischo are, respectively, the starting and the ending point of this process, whereas the other collections are analyzed as its intermediate stages, each of them having its own semantic and stylistic peculiarities.
In Chapter I outline Tarnavs’kyj’s intellectual biography, paying special attention to those cultural interests (mainly existentialism and visual arts) that are relevant for my further discussion of his oeuvre. The chapter contains unpublished materials from the New York Group Papers at Columbia’s Rare Books and Manuscripts Library.
In Chapter II I outline the New York Group’s emergence and formation, which I tried to disentangle by means of his members’ unpublished letters and editing activities. In particular, I tried to demonstrate through archival documents how heterogeneous the group’s theoretical positions were, as they oscillated between B. Rubčak’s more self-conscious attitude towards literary and critical issues and Tarnavskyj’s refusal of any collective manifestos.
In Chapter III I analyze Tarnavs’kyj’s poetic debut Zhyttja v misti (1956) and the unpublished poems that were composed during the same period (1953-1955). In particular, I single out some textual and conceptual analogies between Tarnavs’kyj’s work and Sartre’s (viz. The Nausea, Existentialism is a Humanism and Being and Nothingness), organizing my discussion around three main areas: subject/object relations (Sartre's être pour soi/en soi), subject/other subjects relations (Sartre's être pour autrui) and the dialectics between possibility (human freedom) and contingency. I hereby suggest that the most renown poem in the collection, Dumky pro moju smert, represents a watershed within Tarnavs’kyj’s ouevre, conflating typically existentialistic motifs and post-existentialistic ones (or rather, anti-existentialistic), with the latter helping the poet’s work proceeding towards new forms of expression.
In Chapter IV my analysis is devoted to Idealizovana biohrafija (1964), Spomyny (1964) and Bez Espaniji (1967) which I consider as different stages in the process of abstraction and dispersion in the outside world of the lyrical subject. Here I also discuss the structure of space as mirroring the decentering of the subject. In particular, the collection Bez Espaniji marks the emergence of a new symbolic geography. The Tarnawskian attempt to reshape his own cosmology results in what I define a cubist ‘de-hierarchization’ of all the basic spatial relations as they are represented in the poem (high/low; near/far; laterality/proximity), while laying groundwork for a de facto ontological equivalence between the individual and the external objects.
In Chapter V I focus on Ankety (1969) suggesting that the construction of the space/object relationship and its ontological treatment reveals an orientation towards refusing the Sartrean postulate about man’s
Tipologia IRIS:
Tesi di dottorato
Keywords:
letteratura ucraina dell'emigrazione ; poesia del Novecento ; Jurij Tarnavs'kyj
Elenco autori:
M.G. Bartolini
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