Endometriosis-Related Ovarian Cancer: Where Are We Now? A Narrative Review towards a Pragmatic Approach
Articolo
Data di Pubblicazione:
2024
Citazione:
Endometriosis-Related Ovarian Cancer: Where Are We Now? A Narrative Review towards a Pragmatic Approach / G. Centini, G. Schettini, E. Pieri, M. Giorgi, L. Lazzeri, F.G. Martire, V. Mancini, D. Raimondo, R. Seracchioli, N. Habib, F. Fedele, E. Zupi. - In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE. - ISSN 2077-0383. - 13:7(2024), pp. 1933.1-1933.17. [10.3390/jcm13071933]
Abstract:
Background: Endometriosis affects more than 10% of reproductive-aged women, causing pelvic pain and infertility. Despite the benign nature of endometriosis, ovarian endometriomas carry a higher risk of developing endometrioid carcinomas (EnOCs) and clear cell ovarian carcinomas (CCCs). Atypical endometriosis, defined as cytological atypia resembling intraepithelial cancer, is considered the precursor of endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC). This narrative review aims to provide an overview of EAOC, proposing a practical approach to clinical and therapeutic decision making. Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted from inception up to January 2023, using the MEDLINE database via PubMed to evaluate the existing literature on EAOC, including its pathogenesis, the diagnostic process, and the therapeutic possibilities, with articles not relevant to the topic or lacking scientific merit being excluded. Results: Eighty-one articles were included in the review to present the current state of the art regarding EAOC. A pragmatic clinical flowchart is proposed to guide therapeutic decisions and improve patient outcomes. Conclusions: Endometriosis patients may have an increased risk of developing EAOC (either EnOC or CCC). Despite not being fully accepted, the concept of AE may reshape the endometriosis–ovarian cancer relationship. Further research is needed to understand the unaddressed issues.
Tipologia IRIS:
01 - Articolo su periodico
Keywords:
ARID1A mutations; atypia; atypical endometriosis; biomarkers; clear cell ovarian carcinoma; endometrioid ovarian carcinoma; endometrioma; PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway; ultrasound; treatment
Elenco autori:
G. Centini, G. Schettini, E. Pieri, M. Giorgi, L. Lazzeri, F.G. Martire, V. Mancini, D. Raimondo, R. Seracchioli, N. Habib, F. Fedele, E. Zupi
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