Clinical Markers of Panic and Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Overlapping Symptoms, Different Course and Outcome
Articolo
Data di Pubblicazione:
2023
Citazione:
Clinical Markers of Panic and Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Overlapping Symptoms, Different Course and Outcome / A. Caldiroli, L. Colzani, E. Capuzzi, C. Quitadamo, D. La Tegola, T. Surace, S. Russo, M. Capetti, S. Leo, A. Tringali, M. Marcatili, F. Zanelli Quarantini, F. Colmegna, A. Dakanalis, M. Buoli, M. Clerici. - In: JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE. - ISSN 2075-4426. - 13:3(2023 Mar), pp. 491.1-491.14. [10.3390/jpm13030491]
Abstract:
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Panic Disorder (PD) share underlying neurobiological mechanisms and several clinical features which, with medical comorbidities, may increase misdiagnosis and delay proper treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between clinical/socio-demographic markers and GAD/PD diagnosis. Outpatients (N = 290) with PD or GAD were identified in mental health services in Monza and Milan (Italy). Descriptive analyses and a binary logistic regression model were performed. Post-onset psychiatric (p = 0.05) and medical (p = 0.02) multiple co-morbidities were associated with GAD; treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) was associated with PD, while GAD diagnosis was associated with treatment with atypical antipsychotics or GABAergic drugs (p = 0.03), as well as psychodynamic psychotherapy (p < 0.01). Discontinuation of the last pharmacological treatment was associated with GAD diagnosis rather than the PD one (p = 0.02). GAD patients may have a worse prognosis than PD patients because of more frequent multiple co-morbidities, relapses and poorer treatment compliance. The different treatment approaches were consistent with the available literature, while the association between GAD and psychodynamic psychotherapy is an original finding of our study. Further studies on larger samples are necessary to better characterize clinical factors associated with GAD or PD.
Tipologia IRIS:
01 - Articolo su periodico
Keywords:
generalized anxiety disorder; panic disorder; comorbidities; chronicity; outcome; anxiety disorders
Elenco autori:
A. Caldiroli, L. Colzani, E. Capuzzi, C. Quitadamo, D. La Tegola, T. Surace, S. Russo, M. Capetti, S. Leo, A. Tringali, M. Marcatili, F. Zanelli Quarantini, F. Colmegna, A. Dakanalis, M. Buoli, M. Clerici
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