Can chocolate consumption reduce cardio-cerebrovascular risk? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Articolo
Data di Pubblicazione:
2018
Citazione:
Can chocolate consumption reduce cardio-cerebrovascular risk? A systematic review and meta-analysis / V. Gianfredi, T. Salvatori, D. Nucci, M. Villarini, M. Moretti. - In: NUTRITION. - ISSN 0899-9007. - 46(2018), pp. 103-114. [10.1016/j.nut.2017.09.006]
Abstract:
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was performed to assess the relationship between chocolate intake and cardio-cerebrovascular risk in the general population. A structured search of the literature was performed in the PubMed database up to September 26, 2016, using predetermined keywords. Epidemiologic studies evaluating the risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs; i.e., stroke, acute myocardial infarction [MI], heart failure, coronary heart disease) were included according to different rates of chocolate intake. The software ProMeta 3 was used to perform the meta-analysis. The systematic review identified 16 eligible studies. The majority of the studies showed a protective effect of chocolate intake compared with unexposed individuals. The overall risk ratio (effect size [ES]) of CVD for the highest versus the lowest category of chocolate consumption was 0.77 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71–0.84; P = 0.000) with a moderate heterogeneity. The risk related to subgroups of CVD and in particular, the risk for MI was further analyzed: ES = 0.78 (95% CI, 0.64–0.94; P = 0.009) without statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 46.56%; P = 0.13). Moreover, the analysis performed based on sex found an ES = 0.85 (95% CI, 0.77–0.95; P = 0.003) for women, with a very low grade of heterogeneity (I2 = 62.21%; P = 0.005). The results of the meta-analysis showed a potential protective effect of moderate consumption of chocolate on cardiovascular risk, especially for women, and against MI for both sexes.
Tipologia IRIS:
01 - Articolo su periodico
Keywords:
Acute myocardial infarction; Cardiovascular risk; Chocolate; Cocoa; Coronary heart disease; Heart failure; Stroke
Elenco autori:
V. Gianfredi, T. Salvatori, D. Nucci, M. Villarini, M. Moretti
Link alla scheda completa: