Peak inflammation in atherosclerosis, primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune arthritis is counter-intuitively associated with regulatory T cell enrichment
Articolo
Data di Pubblicazione:
2015
Citazione:
Peak inflammation in atherosclerosis, primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune arthritis is counter-intuitively associated with regulatory T cell enrichment / S. Garetto, A.E. Trovato, A. Lleo, F. Sala, E. Martini, A.G. Betz, G.D. Norata, P. Invernizzi, M. Kallikourdis. - In: IMMUNOBIOLOGY. - ISSN 0171-2985. - 220:8(2015 Aug 01), pp. 1025-1029. [10.1016/j.imbio.2015.02.006]
Abstract:
Regulatory T cells (Treg) influence the development of autoimmunity and their use is increasingly proposed for clinical applications. The well-characterized suppressive potential of Treg frequently leads to the assumption that Treg presence in prevailing numbers is indicative of immunosuppression. We hypothesized that this assumption may be false. We examined models of three different diseases caused by organ-specific autoimmune responses: primary biliary cirrhosis, atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We examined indicators of relative abundance of Treg compared to pro-inflammatory T cells, during peak inflammation. In all cases, the results were compatible with a relative enrichment of Treg at the site of inflammation or its most proximal draining lymph node. Conversely, in healthy mice or mice successfully protected from disease via a Treg-mediated mechanism, the data did not suggest that any Treg accumulation was occurring. This counter-intuitive finding may appear to be at odds with the immunosuppressive nature of Treg. Yet extensive previous studies in RA show that an accumulation of Treg occurs at peak inflammation, albeit without resulting in suppression, as the Treg suppressive function is overcome by the cytokine-rich environment. We suggest that this is a ubiquitous feature of autoimmune inflammation. Treg abundance in patient samples is increasingly used as an indicator of a state of immunosuppression. We conclude that this strategy should be revisited as it may potentially be a source of misinterpretation.
Tipologia IRIS:
01 - Articolo su periodico
Keywords:
Atherosclerosis; Autoimmunity; Inflammation; Primary biliary cirrhosis; Regulatory T cells; Rheumatoid arthritis
Elenco autori:
S. Garetto, A.E. Trovato, A. Lleo, F. Sala, E. Martini, A.G. Betz, G.D. Norata, P. Invernizzi, M. Kallikourdis
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