Data di Pubblicazione:
2006
Citazione:
Pathophysiological roles of P2 receptors in glial cells / M.P. Abbracchio, C. Verderio - In: Purinergic Signalling in Neuron-Glia Interactions / [a cura di] D.J. Chadwick, J. Goode. - [s.l] : Wiley, 2006. - ISBN 978-0-470-01860-6. - pp. 91-103 [10.1002/9780470032244.ch8]
Abstract:
Extracellular nucleotides act through specific receptors on target cells: the seven ionotropic P2X and the eight G protein-coupled P2Y receptors. All these receptors are expressed by brain astroglia and microglia. In astrocytes, P2 receptors have been implicated in short-term calcium-dependent cell–cell communication. Upon mechanical stimulation or activation by other transmitters, astrocytes release ATP and respond to ATP with a propagating wave of intracellular calcium increases, allowing a homotypic astrocyte–astrocyte communication, as well as an heterotypic signalling which also involves neurons, oligodendrocytes and microglia. Astrocytic P2 receptors also mediate reactive astrogliosis, a reaction contributing to neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases. Signalling leading to inflammatory astrogliosis involves induction of cyclo-oxygenase 2 through stimulation of ERK1,2 and of the transcriptional factors AP-1 and NF-κB. Microglia also express several P2 receptors linked to intracellular calcium increases. P2 receptor subtypes are differentially regulated by typical proinflammatory signals for these cells (e.g. lipopolysaccharide), suggesting specific roles in brain immune responses. Globally, these findings highlight the roles of P2 receptors in glial cell pathophysiology suggesting a contribution to neurodegenerative diseases characterized by excessive gliosis and neuro-inflammation. They also open up the possibility of modulating brain damage by ligands selectively targeting the specific P2 receptor subtypes involved in the gliotic response.
Tipologia IRIS:
03 - Contributo in volume
Keywords:
glial P2 receptors ; astroglial cell role in CNS physiopathology ; calcium-dependent cell–cell communication ; brain glial cells and functional P2 receptors ; ATP-mediated calcium signal in astrocytes
Elenco autori:
M.P. Abbracchio, C. Verderio
Link alla scheda completa:
Titolo del libro:
Purinergic Signalling in Neuron-Glia Interactions