Data di Pubblicazione:
2011
Citazione:
4-Aminoquinoline-statine double drugs / S. Romeo, N. Vaiana, M. Marzahn, S. Parapini, P. Liu, M. Dell'Agli, A. Pancotti, L. Rizzi, E. Sangiovanni, S. D'Alessandro, E. Bosisio, B.M. Dunn, D. Taramelli. ((Intervento presentato al convegno Antimal - Antimalarial Drugs : chemistry, development and future challenges tenutosi a London nel 2011.
Abstract:
Plasmepsins (PLMs) are a family of plasmodial aspartic proteases involved in the degradation of
haemoglobin by the erythrocytic stage of the parasite. Several potent inhibitors have been
designed, by replacement of the scissile peptide bond with a transition state analogue, but
effectiveness in killing the parasite was limited (IC50 range 1‐20 μM). The low potency against
cultured parasites may be explained by the PLMs redundancy which implies that blockage of this
enzyme family may not be lethal. [A. L. Omara‐Opyene, et al, J. Biol. Chem. 2004, 279, 54088.; J.
Liu, et al Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006, 103, 8840]
We developed new antimalarial agents designed according to the double‐drug approach. Statine,
responsible for PLMs inhibition, has been bound through an aromatic linker to a known
antimalarial drug (Primaquine, Atovaquone), consequently allowing to overcome the problems
associated with poor pharmacokinetics of peptido‐mimetics and improve antimalarial activity[M.
Dell'Agli, et al J. Med. Chem. 2006, 49, 7440].
We report here the synthesis, the inhibition of PLM2 and PLM4 and the antiplasmodial activities
of new double drugs designed by joining statine, a plasmepsins inhibitor, with the 7‐chloro‐4‐
aminoquinoline ring system derived from chloroquine (CQ). All compounds inhibited PLM2 and PLM4 in a nanomolar range (Ki 0.5‐20 nM). Antiplasmodial
activities were as low as 64 nM (IC50, W2 CQ‐resistant strain): an excellent improvement over CQ
(IC50: 870 nM, W2 CQ‐resistant strain). The most promising compounds were not cytotoxic against
human fibroblasts at 100 μM and were highly selective for PLMs vs human cathepsin D.
CQ is supposed to act against Pf by inhibiting the detoxification of haem released during
haemoglobin digestion by PLMs, therefore the inhibition of PLMs could antagonize the effects of
CQ. CQ‐statine double drugs have been synthesized considering that, although PLMs are
efficaciously inhibited by statine, there could be a continuous release of haem by the action of
other proteolytic enzymes present in the digestive vacuole. The remarkable activities of the CQstatine
double drugs against the W2 CQ‐R strain seem to confirm this hypothesis.
Tipologia IRIS:
14 - Intervento a convegno non pubblicato
Keywords:
4-aminoquinoline-statine ; plasmepsins ; malaria
Elenco autori:
S. Romeo, N. Vaiana, M. Marzahn, S. Parapini, P. Liu, M. Dell'Agli, A. Pancotti, L. Rizzi, E. Sangiovanni, S. D'Alessandro, E. Bosisio, B.M. Dunn, D. Taramelli
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